Evidence for orthotic treatment of the upper limb

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Shoulder orthosis

Meta-Analyses

Dong, W., Goost, H., Lin, X.B., Burger, C., Paul, C., Wang, Z.L., Zhang, T.Y., Jiang, Z.C., Welle, K. and Kabir, K., 2015. Treatments for shoulder impingement syndrome: a PRISMA systematic review and network meta-analysis.
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Ghai, S., Driller, M. and Ghai, I., 2017. Effects of joint stabilizers on proprioception and stability: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Gutiérrez-Espinoza, H., Araya-Quintanilla, F., Cereceda-Muriel, C., Álvarez-Bueno, C., Martínez-Vizcaíno, V. and Cavero-Redondo, I., 2019. Effect of supervised physiotherapy versus home exercise program in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Physical therapy in sport: official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine, 41, p.34.
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Systematic Reviews

Healy, A., Farmer, S., Pandyan, A. and Chockalingam, N., 2018. A systematic review of randomised controlled trials assessing effectiveness of prosthetic and orthotic interventions. PloS one, 13(3), p.e0192094.
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Jordan, R.W., Saithna, A., Old, J. and MacDonald, P., 2015. Does external rotation bracing for anterior shoulder dislocation actually result in reduction of the labrum? A systematic review. The American journal of sports medicine, 43(9), p.2328.
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Peters, J.A., Zwerver, J., Diercks, R.L., Elferink-Gemser, M.T. and van den Akker-Scheek, I., 2016. Preventive interventions for tendinopathy: A systematic review. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 19(3), p.205.
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Randomised Controlled Trials

Chan, S.K., Bentick, K.R., Kuiper, J.H. and Kelly, C.P., 2018. External rotation bracing for first-time anterior dislocation of the shoulder: A discontinued randomised controlled trial comparing external rotation bracing with conventional sling. Shoulder & Elbow, p.1758573218768521.
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Cohort Studies

Baker, H.P., Tjong, V.K., Dunne, K.F., Lindley, T.R. and Terry, M.A., 2016. Evaluation of shoulder-stabilizing braces: Can we prevent shoulder labrum injury in collegiate offensive linemen?. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 4(12).
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Elbow orthosis

Systematic Reviews

Barati, H., Rezaie, M.R., Shariaty, S., Sadra, S. and Rahimi, Z., 2019. The Effect of Orthoses on Treatment of Lateral Epicondylitis: a Systematic review. Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences & Research, 6(2), pp.51-59.
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Healy, A., Farmer, S., Pandyan, A. and Chockalingam, N., 2018. A systematic review of randomised controlled trials assessing effectiveness of prosthetic and orthotic interventions. PloS one, 13(3), p.e0192094.
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Peters, J.A., Zwerver, J., Diercks, R.L., Elferink-Gemser, M.T. and van den Akker-Scheek, I., 2016. Preventive interventions for tendinopathy: A systematic review. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 19(3), p.205.
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Sutton, D., Gross, D.P., Côté, P., Randhawa, K., Yu, H., Wong, J.J., Stern, P., Varatharajan, S., Southerst, D., Shearer, H.M. and Stupar, M., 2016. Multimodal care for the management of musculoskeletal disorders of the elbow, forearm, wrist and hand: a systematic review by the Ontario Protocol for Traffic Injury Management (OPTIMa) Collaboration. Chiropractic & manual therapies, 24(1), p.8.
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Veltman, E.S., Doornberg, J.N., Eygendaal, D. and van den Bekerom, M.P., 2015. Static progressive versus dynamic splinting for posttraumatic elbow stiffness: a systematic review of 232 patients. Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery, 135(5), p.613.
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Randomised Controlled Trials

Barati, H., Zarezadeh, A., MacDermid, J.C. and Sadeghi-Demneh, E., 2019. The immediate sensorimotor effects of elbow orthoses in patients with lateral elbow tendinopathy: a prospective crossover study. Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery, 28(1), pp.e10-e17.
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Kroslak, M., Pirapakaran, K. and Murrell, G.A., 2019. Counterforce bracing of lateral epicondylitis: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery, 28(2), pp.288-295.
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Nowotny, J., El-Zayat, B., Goronzy, J., Biewener, A., Bausenhart, F., Greiner, S. and Kasten, P., 2018. Prospective randomized controlled trial in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis with a new dynamic wrist orthosis. European journal of medical research, 23(1), p.43.
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Cohort Studies

Saremi, H., Chamani, V. and Vahab-Kashani, R., 2016. A newly designed tennis elbow orthosis with a traditional tennis elbow strap in patients with lateral epicondylitis. Trauma monthly, 21(3).
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Laboratory Studies

Manocha, R., Johnson, J. and King, G., 2019. The Effectiveness of a Hinged Elbow Orthosis in Medial Collateral Ligament Injuries: An In Vitro Biomechanical Study. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 47(12), pp.2827-2835.
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Wrist hand orthosis

Meta-Analyses

Cavaleri, R., Schabrun, S.M., Te, M. and Chipchase, L.S., 2016. Hand therapy versus corticosteroid injections in the treatment of de Quervain's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Systematic Reviews

Cantero-Téllez, R., Naughton, N., Algar, L. and Valdes, K., 2018. Linking hand therapy outcome measures used after carpal tunnel release to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: A systematic review. Journal of hand therapy: official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists.
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Healy, A., Farmer, S., Pandyan, A. and Chockalingam, N., 2018. A systematic review of randomised controlled trials assessing effectiveness of prosthetic and orthotic interventions. PloS one, 13(3), p.e0192094.
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Lue, S., Koppikar, S., Shaikh, K., Mahendira, D. and Towheed, T.E., 2017. Systematic review of non-surgical therapies for osteoarthritis of the hand: an update. Osteoarthritis and cartilage, 25(9), p.1379.
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Roll, S.C. and Hardison, M.E., 2017. Effectiveness of Occupational Therapy Interventions for Adults With Musculoskeletal Conditions of the Forearm, Wrist, and Hand: A Systematic Review. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 71(1), p.7101180010p1.
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Samargandi, O.A., Alyouha, S., Larouche, P., Corkum, J.P., Kemler, M.A. and Tang, D.T., 2017. Night orthosis after surgical correction of dupuytren contractures: a systematic review. The Journal of hand surgery, 42(10), pp.839-e1.
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Sutton, D., Gross, D.P., Côté, P., Randhawa, K., Yu, H., Wong, J.J., Stern, P., Varatharajan, S., Southerst, D., Shearer, H.M. and Stupar, M., 2016. Multimodal care for the management of musculoskeletal disorders of the elbow, forearm, wrist and hand: a systematic review by the Ontario Protocol for Traffic Injury Management (OPTIMa) Collaboration. Chiropractic & manual therapies, 24(1), p.8.
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Valdes, K., Boyd, J.D., Povlak, S.B. and Szelwach, M.A., 2018. Efficacy of orthotic devices for increased active proximal interphalangeal extension joint range of motion: A systematic review. Journal of hand therapy: official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists.
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Wong, A.L., Wilson, M., Girnary, S., Nojoomi, M., Acharya, S. and Paul, S.M., 2017. The optimal orthosis and motion protocol for extensor tendon injury in zones IV–VIII: A systematic review. Journal of hand therapy: official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists, 30(4), p.447.
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Randomised Controlled Trials

Nowotny, J., El-Zayat, B., Goronzy, J., Biewener, A., Bausenhart, F., Greiner, S. and Kasten, P., 2018. Prospective randomized controlled trial in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis with a new dynamic wrist orthosis. European Journal of Medical Research, 23.
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Finger orthosis

Systematic Reviews

Healy, A., Farmer, S., Pandyan, A. and Chockalingam, N., 2018. A systematic review of randomised controlled trials assessing effectiveness of prosthetic and orthotic interventions. PloS one, 13(3), p.e0192094.
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Lunsford, D., Valdes, K. and Hengy, S., 2017. Conservative management of trigger finger: A systematic review. Journal of hand therapy: official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists.
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Soreide, E., Murad, M.H., Denbeigh, J.M., Lewallen, E.A., Dudakovic, A., Nordsletten, L., van Wijnen, A.J. and Kakar, S., 2018. Treatment of Dupuytren's contracture. The bone & joint journal, 100(9), p.1138.
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Valdes, K., Boyd, J.D., Povlak, S.B. and Szelwach, M.A., 2018. Efficacy of orthotic devices for increased active proximal interphalangeal extension joint range of motion: A systematic review. Journal of hand therapy: official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists.
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Valdes, K., Naughton, N. and Algar, L., 2015. Conservative treatment of mallet finger: A systematic review. Journal of hand therapy: official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists, 28(3), p.237.
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Valdes, K., Naughton, N. and Algar, L., 2016. ICF components of outcome measures for mallet finger: A systematic review. Journal of hand therapy: official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists, 29(4), p.388.
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Young, N., Terrington, N., Francis, D. and Robinson, L.S., 2018. Orthotic management of fixed flexion deformity of the proximal interphalangeal joint following traumatic injury: A systematic review. Hong Kong journal of Occupational Therapy: HKJOT, 31(1), p.3.
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Randomised Controlled Trials

Teo, S.H., Ng, D.C.L. and Wong, Y.K.Y., 2018. Effectiveness of proximal interphalangeal joint-blocking orthosis vs metacarpophalangeal joint-blocking orthosis in trigger digit management: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of hand therapy: official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists.
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Thumb orthosis

Meta-Analyses

Ahern, M., Skyllas, J., Wajon, A. and Hush, J., 2018. The effectiveness of physical therapies for patients with base of thumb osteoarthritis: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Baradaran, A., Baradaran, A., Ebrahimzadeh, M.H., Kachooei, A.R., Rivlin, M. and Beredjiklian, P., 2018. Comparison of Custom-made Versus Prefabricated Thumb Splinting for Carpometacarpal Arthrosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. The archives of bone and joint surgery, 6(6), p.478.
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Buhler, M., Chapple, C.M., Stebbings, S., Sangelaji, B. and David, B.G., 2018. Effectiveness of splinting for pain and function in people with thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Osteoarthritis and cartilage.
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Systematic Reviews

Healy, A., Farmer, S., Pandyan, A. and Chockalingam, N., 2018. A systematic review of randomised controlled trials assessing effectiveness of prosthetic and orthotic interventions. PloS one, 13(3), p.e0192094.
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Meireles, S.M., Jones, A. and Natour, J., 2018, July. Orthosis for rhizarthrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. In Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism.
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Spaans, A.J., Van Minnen, L.P., Kon, M., Schuurman, A.H., Schreuders, A.T. and Vermeulen, G.M., 2015. Conservative treatment of thumb base osteoarthritis: a systematic review. The Journal of hand surgery, 40(1), pp.16-21.
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Cohort Studies

Tsehaie, J., Spekreijse, K.R., Wouters, R.M., Feitz, R., Hovius, S.E.R., Slijper, H.P., Selles, R.W. and Hand-Wrist Study Group, 2019. Predicting Outcome After Hand Orthosis and Hand Therapy for Thumb Carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis: A Prospective Study. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 100(5), p.844.
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Editorial Information

Last reviewed: 01/08/2024

Next review date: 01/08/2025

Approved By: British Association of Prosthetists and Orthotists (BAPO)

Reviewer name(s): Laura Barr, British Association of Prosthetists and Orthotists (BAPO) Professional Affairs Committee.